P

Permanent Set

The deformation remaining in a rubber specimen following both stress and relaxation over a period of time.

Permeability

The rate of gas flow through a particular rubber material.

Plasticizer

A chemical agent added to the rubber compound batch mix to soften the elastomer for processing, as well as to improve physical properties of the compound product (i.e., increase elongation, reduce hardness, improve tack).

Polymer

A long molecular chain material formed by the chemical combination of many similarly structured, small molecular units.

Post Cure

A second step in the vulcanization of certain elastomers, used to drive off residual decomposition products resulting from initial vulcanization.

Apple Rubber Products, Inc. • 310 Erie Street • Lancaster, NY 14086 • 1.800.828.7745

1. Introduction

2. Products & Services

3. O-Ring Basics

4. Seal Types & Gland Design

5. Critical Operating Environmental Factors

6. Material Selection Guide

7. Special Elastomer Applications

8. Troubleshooting

9. Sizes & How to Order

10. Glossary of Terms

11. Rules of Thumb

12. Formulas

13. Seal Glossary

14. Bibliography / Trademarks